Socialt kapital i teori
och praktik
Vem är jag?
c
Agenda 30 augusti 2009
”Google is built on trust – If we loose the
trust to our customers we destroy our
company”
Vad menar man med detta?
SOCIAL CAPITAL
”Collective action
”Trust
”Networks”
”Living togehter – Doing togehter”
”Working Together”
”Learning together”
”Sharing”
”Reciprocity”
Varför fokusera på den sociala
dimensionen av ekonomin?
Stora utmaningar som bara kan
lösas gemensamt
En vanlig definition
av socialt kaptial
Networks together
with shared norms,
values and
understanding that
facilitate co-operation
within or among
groups of people
(Office for Economic Co-operation and
Development (OECD)
“Social
capital is the glue that
holds societies together and
without which there can be no
economic growth or human
wellbeing.” Christiaan Grootaert
En definition, av många, på
socialt kapital
”Networks, norms and trust that enable
participants to act togheter more effectively to
pursue shared objectives”
Av Robert Putnam
Bengt Johannisson – Tillträde på maktens
arena, Det kollektiva entreprenörskapet
Värde
Företagsekonomiskt värde
Värde av:
Identitet
Glädje
Inspiration
Etik
Samhörighet
Local value
Local values
Potential
values
Biosphere e.
Stakeholders
Common
values
Visualization
Activites
(Understanding)
Nätverksbegrepp
Bonding – Inom grupper, karaktäriserad av starka band
(famijer)
Bridging – horisontella, över gränser, karatäriserad av
svaga band mellan olika grupper I samhället
Linking – Vertikala, svaga band mellan olika grupper i
maktstrukturer
Trust – The fabric of social
capital
Trust between individuals becomes trust
between strangers and trust of a broad
fabric of social institutions; ultimately, it
becomes a shared set of values, virtues,
and expectations within society as a whole.
Without this interaction trust decays; this
decay begins to manifest itself in serious
social problems…
(‘The Necessity of Politics’ Beem 1999: 20)
Det sociala kapitalets fördelar
-Trust-Tillit-Förtroende
Kunskapsspidning inom sociala nätverk
Kontraktslöst – låga kostnader (Agera
snabbare och flexiblare, COI)
Lägre risker (Online kurser)
Intressantare utbud (Inom exempelvis turism,
skolan – Kursutbud)
Dess nackdelar
Nätverk tenderar att bli konserverande – medvetenhet kring
detta
Svårare att administrera – ”Alla ska samverka idag, men hur
är det med samordningen?”
Vilka normer finns inom nätverket - ”Det är ingen mening – det
har vi provat förr”, eller,..
Sanktioner och kontroll – De på listan
”Ingen normalt funtad är väl så dum att man kommer hit mitt i
vintern”
Att mäta och göra det sociala
kapitalet konkret
‘What a
community
chooses to
measure has a
tremendous
impact on the
quality of life
of its
members”
(North West
Policy Center,
Seattle, USA)
Styrning…
Matris som visar olika SK-element (3
elements) mot aktiviteter
Stakeholder karta - Relationer
Socialt Kapital enkäter- Före och efter, och
på lång sikt
Rapporter
Fallstudier
ACTION POINT
DATE ACHIEVED
(to be completed
by NIDOS)
OUTCOMES
RESPONSIBILITY
Develop a Network Handbook, to be updated every
3-5 years. [Info on Committee’s roles and external
networks. Info on conflict resolution (case studies of
mutual support, achievements of working groups,
members, etc)]
Extending knowledge of Norms & values. Connecting
past and present to proactively allow growth in norms
& values enabling opportunities to remain flexible and
learn.
NIDOS staff and temporary
working group.
Introduce options for Network to be involved in
decision making process [Transparency of process,
how decision was arrived at, possibly using ICT.]
Increasing opportunities for equity and collective
ownership, maximising social network development
opportunities of ICT (bridging, bonding, can be
extended once initial face-to-face contact is made).
NIDOS staff with support
from ICT specialist (from
Network if possible).
Encourage members to support each other
[Collective / joint activities e.g. a common resource
library (photos, videos, news articles, information on
members awards); campaigns like Make Poverty
History]
Increased reciprocity can lead to increased levels of
trust. Target of 5% per year increase in levels of trust
for next 3 years.
NIDOS staff and working
group.
Provide access to strategic stakeholders [Increase
links to external agencies by increasing Associate
Membership]
Increasing opportunities for linking to take place
Management Committee &
staff.
Investigate the possibility for more sub-groups and
more sub-group activity
Increasing opportunities for bridging to take place and
informal information transfer
NIDOS staff
Develop or revisit marketing strategy for external
(public) and internal (Network) audience. [Use
information from resource library to reinforce
Network Handbook messages, promote collective
identity].
Increasing collective understanding and ownership of
aims & objectives via knowledge. Highlight
opportunities for reciprocity via partnership working.
Working Group
…
Att utveckla det sociala kapitalet
The Bamboo Tree
Here We Are
From the
Favela
Painting
Project, Brazil
www.boomerang.nl/f
avela/
Den entreprenöriella
processen och socialt kapital
Ide – Påverkan av familj (Socialisering)
Affärsmöjlighet (Förebilder, Kulturella
attityder)
Planering (Partner, finansiering)
Start och lansering (timing, immateriellt
skydd)
Utveckling och start (Legitimitet, utveckla
nätverk)
Final Thoughts
Social Capital brings a new way of looking at the
challenges that communities face and provides a lens
which values human relationships and makes currently
invisible resources visible
It provides a common language to explain why we are
doing what we are doing
Helps put numbers to soft outcomes
Can provide a framework to help replicate successes
–
Look to introduce activities which help make
community boundaries porous and allow access to new
resources (bridging & linking)
–
Indirect and informal activities are excellent ways to
build reciprocal interaction and trust
The real challenge is not to
construct buildings, nor putting a
man on the moon, but to deal with
human nature “
“
- Björn Grinde, Chief scientist Public Health
Norway
[email protected]
Facebook: [email protected]
Local value
Local values
Potential
values
Biosphere e.
Stakeholders
Common
values
Visualization
Activites
(Understanding)
